Overview: Pharmacology of ATP as an extracellular signal.

Environmental Pharmacology – An Overview

An overview of clinical pharmacology of Ibuprofen.

Ibuprofen was the first member of Propionic acid derivatives introduced in 1969. It is a popular domestic and over the counter analgesic and antipyretic for adults and children. Ibuprofen has been rated as the safest conventional NSAID by spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting systems in the UK. This article summarizes the main pharmacological effects, therapeutical applications and advers...

Modulation of neuronal signal transduction systems by extracellular ATP.

The secretion of ATP by stimulated nerves is well documented. Following repetitive stimulation, extracellular ATP at the synapse can accumulate to levels estimated to be well over 100 microM. The present study examined the effects of extracellular ATP in the concentration range of 0.1-1.0 mM on second-messenger-generating systems in cultured neural cells of the clones NG108-15 and N1E-115. Cell...

Phyto-Pharmacology of Phyllanthus amarus, an overview

Phyllanthus amarus (PA) is a small herb indigenous to Amazon Basin .It is well known for its medicinal properties and widely used by oriental countries. It is reported to contain lignans,alkaloids,flavonoids,galloatnoids ,glycosides and alkaloids. It possesses antiviral, antiparasitic, antimalarial, antimicrobial, anticancerous, anti-diabetic and anti-Cholesterol agents. It acts on kidney stone...

Mg2+ as an Extracellular Signal: Environmental Regulation of Salmonella Virulence

Ions are not traditionally thought to act as first messengers in signal transduction cascades. However, while searching for genes regulated by the PhoP/PhoQ virulence regulatory system of Salmonella typhimurium, we recovered two loci whose expression is controlled by the concentration of Mg2+. To determine whether Mg2+ is the signal modulating the whole PhoP/PhoQ system, we evaluated the gene e...